What is a Fourth Generation Language?
Fourth-generation language is also called 'Language High productivity', 'non-procedural language', 'Creator application'.
Characteristic of fourth-generation languages are:
- No need long training on DP.
- Language to all users (DP professional to the end user)
- Language query
- Constructor application
- Include a procedural language or nonprosedural
Some fourth-generation language to meet the above criteria are not part of.
Language Generation Computers:
First generation language machine language
- There is no interpreter / compiler
- Programmed with the binary notation
- Hard to not make mistakes.
example: 011011 000000 000000 000001 110101
means: clear the contents of the accumulator input 117 to a storage location dlmnya
Second Generation Language assembly language (1950's)
- Addressing a symbolic rather than physical addresses.
- Consists of: SAP, AUTOCODER, SPS, BAL and EASYCODER.
Example: CLA SALARY
Salary indicates a memory location where the variable salary saved.
Third generation language high-level language (1960s)
- Use words English language
- Emphasizing the formula in math notation
- Camp programs converted to run pd yg machines differently.
- Consists of: ALGOL, FORTRAN, COBOL, PL / I and ADA.
Example: x = (a + b) / (c + d)
Fourth Generation Language high productivity language (1970's)
- Accelerate the process of making the application (fewer lines of code)
- Simplify and accelerate the application changes.
- Minimize the debugging problem.
- Users can solve their own problems.
- Consists of: Informix, Oracle
Language of Fifth Generation Artificial Intelligence '(1980s)
- Knowledge-based systems
- Machine can describe the conclusions based on knowledge of complex code.
- Consists of: Prolog, LISP
Language Procedural and Non-Procedural
* Language Procedural determine 'How' things done.
* Language Nonprosedural decide 'Is' to be resolved.
# Language Procedural:
- Programmer provides detailed instructions on how each task completed.
- Example: COBOL, PL / I
# Language Nonprosedural:
- Users get results fast, without saying how that procedure done.
- Almost all language queries, preparing reports, graphs and creator package is nonprosedural application.
- Example: Informix, Nomad
Characteristics, Properties and Components
Main criteria in 4GL:
- Whether intended for routine calculations or making ad-hoc decision?
- Whether destined for the end user or the DP professional?
- Whether the need of a skilled programmer or analyst who used it?
- Which features are provided? (exp. simple queries, preparing reports)
- Whether on-line or off-line?
- Whether running for mainframe, mini or pc?
- Is quite easy to use and fast results obtained?
4GL Property:
In order for a language called 'Fourth Generation' must have the following characteristics:
1. User-friendly.
2. Non-professional programmer can get the results
3. Using DBMS directly.
4. Programs for all applications can be made with a single command fewer instructions.
5. Arranged for operation on-line.
6. Facilitate the understanding and treatment of other people code.
7. Prototype can be created and modified quickly.
· 4GL Components:
In 4GL has pemrogramman non procedural components hidden in munkin procedural facilities. As shown in the following figure.
Appli. Parameters: naming procedures, catalog, version and responsibility.
Spec Data: specification of data and data files used.
Screen spec: determining the form of display.
Report Spec: determining specifications of reports based on data taken.
Dialogue spec: providing the structure and computer interaction.
Specification of Rules: the rules for determining the decision. Usually separated from the body of the application.
Fourth-generation language is also called 'Language High productivity', 'non-procedural language', 'Creator application'.
Characteristic of fourth-generation languages are:
- No need long training on DP.
- Language to all users (DP professional to the end user)
- Language query
- Constructor application
- Include a procedural language or nonprosedural
Some fourth-generation language to meet the above criteria are not part of.
Language Generation Computers:
First generation language machine language
- There is no interpreter / compiler
- Programmed with the binary notation
- Hard to not make mistakes.
example: 011011 000000 000000 000001 110101
means: clear the contents of the accumulator input 117 to a storage location dlmnya
Second Generation Language assembly language (1950's)
- Addressing a symbolic rather than physical addresses.
- Consists of: SAP, AUTOCODER, SPS, BAL and EASYCODER.
Example: CLA SALARY
Salary indicates a memory location where the variable salary saved.
Third generation language high-level language (1960s)
- Use words English language
- Emphasizing the formula in math notation
- Camp programs converted to run pd yg machines differently.
- Consists of: ALGOL, FORTRAN, COBOL, PL / I and ADA.
Example: x = (a + b) / (c + d)
Fourth Generation Language high productivity language (1970's)
- Accelerate the process of making the application (fewer lines of code)
- Simplify and accelerate the application changes.
- Minimize the debugging problem.
- Users can solve their own problems.
- Consists of: Informix, Oracle
Language of Fifth Generation Artificial Intelligence '(1980s)
- Knowledge-based systems
- Machine can describe the conclusions based on knowledge of complex code.
- Consists of: Prolog, LISP
Language Procedural and Non-Procedural
* Language Procedural determine 'How' things done.
* Language Nonprosedural decide 'Is' to be resolved.
# Language Procedural:
- Programmer provides detailed instructions on how each task completed.
- Example: COBOL, PL / I
# Language Nonprosedural:
- Users get results fast, without saying how that procedure done.
- Almost all language queries, preparing reports, graphs and creator package is nonprosedural application.
- Example: Informix, Nomad
Characteristics, Properties and Components
Main criteria in 4GL:
- Whether intended for routine calculations or making ad-hoc decision?
- Whether destined for the end user or the DP professional?
- Whether the need of a skilled programmer or analyst who used it?
- Which features are provided? (exp. simple queries, preparing reports)
- Whether on-line or off-line?
- Whether running for mainframe, mini or pc?
- Is quite easy to use and fast results obtained?
4GL Property:
In order for a language called 'Fourth Generation' must have the following characteristics:
1. User-friendly.
2. Non-professional programmer can get the results
3. Using DBMS directly.
4. Programs for all applications can be made with a single command fewer instructions.
5. Arranged for operation on-line.
6. Facilitate the understanding and treatment of other people code.
7. Prototype can be created and modified quickly.
· 4GL Components:
In 4GL has pemrogramman non procedural components hidden in munkin procedural facilities. As shown in the following figure.
Appli. Parameters: naming procedures, catalog, version and responsibility.
Spec Data: specification of data and data files used.
Screen spec: determining the form of display.
Report Spec: determining specifications of reports based on data taken.
Dialogue spec: providing the structure and computer interaction.
Specification of Rules: the rules for determining the decision. Usually separated from the body of the application.
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